This project has been inspired by the life and work of the scientist Ulisse Aldrovandi (Bologna 1522-1605). During his life, dedicated to science and traveling, Aldrovandi put together an extraordinary natural history museum that he called “The Theatre of Nature”, including all kind of stuffed or dried samples, books and images. The museum includes a herbarium of dried plants (Hortus siccus), and a painted herbarium (Hortus pictus) for which he hired at his own expense some of the best painters of his time. One reason explaining the innovation of his research was the importance that Aldrovandi attributed to drawing from life, to guarantee a faithful reproduction of the forms of nature. He encouraged his illustrators to copy real specimens of officinal herbs featuring all the vegetable organs: roots, stem, leaves, and flowers. Aldrovandi introduced the modern concept of museum as a public property, to be enjoyed by everybody, as opposed to the concept of the 16° century Wunderkammer: a presentation of nature as a private collection of wonders and curiosities for an exclusive elite. As opposed to the concept of middle-age herbariums, featuring only plants used for medical purposes (officinalia), my project includes common, anonymous plants picked from the side of the big roadways connecting Bologna to the rest of the world. Instead of describing the plant, the caption of each image refers to the site where the sample was found (namely, names and numbers of highways and interstate roads), therefore tracing sort of a topography of nature on the borders of the urban context. By repeating the gesture of botanists - pressing plants to dry them flat – I obtained straight scans of specimens by flattening them in a scanner, which in our time is the tool allowing the most “faithful” reproduction of physical reality. Questo
progetto è ispirato alla vita e all'opera di Ulisse Aldrovandi
(Bologna 1522-1605). Nel corso di una vita dedicata alla scienza e ai
viaggi Aldrovandi costruisce uno straordinario museo di naturalia,
portando a termine un monumentale erbario composto da migliaia di
tavole acquerellate. Il museo include un erbario di piante essiccate
(hortus siccus) e un erbario dipinto (hortus pictus) per la cui
realizzazione Aldrovandi si rivolse ad alcuni tra i migliori
illustratori dell'epoca, pagandoli di tasca propria. Un elemento
innovativo della sua ricerca è l’importanza che Aldrovandi
attribuisce alla copia dal vero per garantire una riproduzione fedele
alle forme della natura. I suoi illustratori vengono incoraggiati a
copiare esemplari reali di piante officinali, complete di tutti gli
organi vegetali: radici, fusto, foglie, fiori. Aldrovandi
introdusse il moderno concetto di museo inteso come bene puubblico, in
contrapposizione alla Wunderkammer del 17° secolo: collezione
privata di curiosità naturali destinata a una fruizione
elitaria. |
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| © 2012 Francesco Nonino |
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